基于垂向运行平稳性的高速列车参数设计

High-speed railway vehicles parametric design based on vertical ride comfort

针对高速列车车体结构等效载荷与结构模态之间的强耦合特性使车体在运行过程中产生弹性振动,影响客车运行平稳性问题,基于柔刚耦合动力学原理,建立了客车垂向动力学模型,计算了系统响应功率谱,分析了车辆悬挂参数和运行参数对振动的影响。仿真发现弹性车体振动响应大于刚性车体,车体1阶垂弯振动对弹性振动的贡献最大,速度越高,对1阶垂弯频率要求越高,提高车体结构阻尼和1系垂向阻尼、适当降低2系垂向阻尼可提高车体垂向运行平稳性。

The vehicle stability was influenced by the car body elastic vibration during operation for the strong coupling characteristic between high-speed car body structure equivalent loads and structure intrinsic mode. A model of vertical dynamics for railway passenger carriages was established based on the principle of rigid-flexible coupled dynamics. The power spectrum density（PSD） of the system response were calculated. The influence of the vehicle suspension parameters and running parameters on vibration were analyzed. The numerical simulation results showed that the elastic car body model vibration was larger than the rigid one. The first-order bending vibration has the most important role on the elastic vibration. The higher speed, the higher first-order bending frequency was required. Adequate reducing secondary vertical damping could improve the body vertical ride quality with the increase of car body structure damping and primary vertical damping.