高等教育学费定价与资助的四种模式研究

On Four Kinds of Model of Higher Education Tuition Pricing and Financing

学费定价涉及多方利益主体,其变动需资助政策的配套跟进,以确保效率和公平。根据生均学费占人均GDP和生均资助额占生均学费两个指标,可以归纳出学费定价与资助的四种模式:以美国为典型代表的高学费/高资助模式、以德国为典型代表的低学费/高资助模式、以中国为典型代表的高学费/低资助模式和以印度为典型代表的低学费/低资助模式。四种模式有各自的优缺点和适用性,其效率和公平的取向不尽相同。我们应根据国情特征和高等教育发展规律进行恰当模式的合理选择。

The tuition pricing involves multi stakeholders,and its changes need policy support to ensure the efficiency and fairness. Four kinds of modes of Tuition Pricing and financing can be summed up according to tuition accounted for per capita GDP and per student funding for tuition,which are the United States as the representative of the typical high tuition and high financing mode,the Germany as a typical representative of the low tuition and high financing mode,the China as a typical representative of the high tuition and low funding model and the India as a typical representative of the low tuition and low funding model. The four modes have their respective advantages and disadvantages. The efficiency and fairness of the orientation is not the same. We should choose proper mode according to the national characteristics and laws of the development of higher education.