西部矿区接菌对风化煤与黄土配比的土壤改良效应

Soil remediation after inoculated with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on the ratio of weathered coal and loess in the mining area of western China

针对西部矿区土壤贫瘠、有效养分缺乏和作物难以生长的现状,采用盆栽试验方法,风化煤与黄土按不同配比混合为供试基质,玉米为供试植物,研究接种丛枝菌根真菌对玉米生长的影响及其对不同混合基质的改良效应,寻求风化煤与黄土最佳配比。结果表明:接种丛枝菌根真菌促进了玉米的生长和对矿质元素的吸收,在风化煤与黄土质量比(1∶1)时菌根生态效应达到最大,玉米干质量、叶色值、地上部分氮磷钾累积量分别达到4.61 g·株^(-1),41.17,53.01 mg·株^(-1),7.15 mg·株^(-1),79.42 mg·株^(-1);风化煤与黄土(1∶1)处理菌丝密度达到4.91 m·g~(^(-1)),且玉米根系侵染率达到最大。随着风化煤比例的增加,根际土壤中球囊霉素相关蛋白和酸性磷酸酶活性逐渐递增。丛枝菌根与风化煤的协同作用促进了作物的生长,改善了根际土壤微环境,实现了对沟壑区土壤的改良和培肥。

Based on the characteristics of poor soil,lack of effective nutrient and difficulty in crop growth in western mining area of China,a pot experiment method was carried out in this study to have weathered coal and loess mixed in different proportions as the trial matrix and employ maize as the test. The effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi（ AMF） on maize growth and the improvement of different mixed matrix were investigated to find out the best ratio between weathered coal and loess. The results showed that inoculation with AMF promoted the growth of maize and the absorption of mineral elements. Mycorrhizal ecological effect became maximized when the weathered coal and loess mass ratio reached 1∶ 1. At the same time,the above ground dry weight and leaf color values of maize were 4.61 g,41. 17,respectively,and nitrogen,phosphorus,and potassium accumulations were 53. 01 mg,7. 15 mg,79.42 mg per plant respectively. When the weathered coal and loess mass ratio was 1∶ 1,the density of hyphae was 4.91 m·g^-1,and the mycorrhizal root infection rate of maize reached maximum. With the increase of weathering coal ratio,the glomalin and the acid phosphatase（ ACP） in maize rhizosphere soil were gradually increased as well. In conclusion,the synergy of AMF and weathered coal promoted the growth of the crops,improved the rhizosphere soil microenvironment,and implemented the enhancement of soil fertility in the gully region.