东莞市中老年人机构养老选择意愿及其影响因素分析

Influence factors associated with institutional old-age care in Dongguan

目的:了解东莞市中老年人机构养老选择意愿及其影响因素,为养老服务体系的建设规划提供数据依据。方法:抽取东莞市55岁以上中老年人,通过问卷调查收集老年人的年龄、文化程度、从事职业、经济状况、健康状况、生活照料等资料,对机构养老影响因素进行单因素和多因素回归分析。结果:共调查862名中老年人,机构养老选择意愿:26.5%的中老年人愿意选择机构养老。单因素分析显示:调查者年龄、子女数、文化程度、主要从事的职业、患有慢病、谁照顾生活等对机构养老选择意愿的影响有统计学意义(χ2=9.881,P=0.020;χ2=12.489,P=0.002;χ2=10.271,P=0.016;χ2=11.285,P=0.024;χ2=6.617,P=0.037;χ2=10.555,P=0.061)。多因素分析显示:不清楚是否患有慢性病的中老年人选择机构养老意愿是患有慢病的2.2倍[OR的95%CI=(1.29,3.77)];由配偶照顾生活的中老年人选择机构养老的意愿是自己照顾自己生活的1.5倍[OR=0.66,95%CI=(0.46,0.94)]。结论:是否患有慢病、生活照顾问题是机构养老选择意愿的主要影响因子,深入了解这些因素与机构养老的关系,对养老服务体系具有重要意义。

Objective To know about the elderly＇s choice intention of institutional old-age care,to explore the influence factors of their choices,and to provide reliable database evidence for the construction of old-age service system.Methods The elderly over 55 years old living in Dongguan city were chosen for questionnaire survey of general information,including age,education,occupation,economic status,health condition,daily care and other factors.The influence factors were analyzed with single factor and multiple factors regression methods.Results 26.5percent of 862 respondents were willing to choose institutional old-age care.Single factor analysis showed that age,number of children,education,occupation,suffering from chronic disease or not and daily care condition had statistical differences（χ^29.881,P=0.020;χ^212.489,P=0.002;χ^210.271,P=0.016;χ^211.285,P=0.024;χ^26.617,P=0.037;χ^210.555,P=0.061）.Multiple factors analysis indicated that the ratio of the elderly who didn＇t know whether they were suffering from chronic disease or not preferring institutional old-age care was 1.2times higher than that of the elderly suffering from chronic disease[95% CI of OR=（1.29,3.77）].The ratio of the elderly who were looked after by spouse choosing institutional old-age care was 1.5times that of the elderly taking care of themselves[OR=0.66,95% CI=（0.46,0.94）].Conclusions Suffering from chronic disease or not and daily care status are the main influence factors of the choice intention of institutional old-age care.It will make sense for the old-age service system to explore the relationship between these factors and community health service utilization.