铁路肇兴之下的晚清农业(1876—1911)

The agriculture of Late Qing Dynasty under the rise of railway(1876-1911)

铁路技术是近代世界先进生产力的代表。中国的铁路修筑始于晚清时期,并迅速在以农业为主导的国民经济发展中开始扮演重要角色。此时中国的农业受到铁路发展的深刻影响,并且具有自己独有的特点。列强借修筑铁路之机肆意掠夺农民土地,促进农产品作为商品快速流通交易,农业生产出现区域化倾向并有所增长,这都在一定程度上加速了中国传统农村自然经济的解体。

Railway technology was the representative of advanced productive forces in the modern world.China＇s railway construction began in the late Qing Dynasty,and play an important role in the the development history of the national economy dominated by agriculture.At this time,China＇s agriculture was profoundly affected by railway development and had the characteristics of its own.That powers were plundering farmers＇ land by way of the construction of the railwaypromote the rapid flow of agricultural products as a commodity and the tendency of regionalization of agricultural production,which had hastened the disintegration of the traditional Chinese rural natural economy.