范紫东秦腔剧本所见民国时期关中方音特点

Phonetic Characteristics of Guanzhong Dialects in Terms of Fan Zidong's Qin Opera Play-scripts in Times of the Republic of China

通过对范紫东秦腔剧作的考察,可以发现民国时期关中方音的某些特点。声母方面:第一,部分中古精组合口字读j、q、x声母;第二,部分中古庄、章组声母的字读z、c、s声母。韵母方面:第一,"则德得测色白拍窄惑国"等字归入"灰堆"辙;第二,"学药约"等字归入"梭坡"辙;第三,"斜嗟"等字归入"发花"辙;第四,"路楚芦堵"等归入"由求"辙。对比《方言字汇》《关中方音调查报告》以及今关中方音,可以看出从民国至今关中方音的微观变化。

An investigation of Fan Zidong＇s Qin Opera works has found some phonetic characteristics of Guanzhong dialects in times of the Republic of China. For consonants,the consonants in some round-mouth characters of the mid-old 精（ jing） group were pronounced as j,q,x. Besides,the consonants of the mid-old庄（ zhuang） and 章（ zhang） group were pronounced as z,c,s. For vowels,the vowels in such characters as 则（ ze）,德（ de）,得（ de）,测（ ce）,色（ se）,白（ bai）,拍（ pai）,窄（ zhai）,惑（ huo） and 国（ guo） were classified into the rhyme of Hui and Dui. In addition,those in such characters as 学（ xue）,药（ yao） and 约（ yue） were grouped into the rhyme of Suo and Po,and those in such characters as 斜（ xie） and 嗟（ jie） were classified into the rhyme of Fa and Hua. And finally,those of such characters as 路（ lu）,楚（ chu）,芦（ lu）and 堵（ du） were grouped into the rhyme of You and Qiu. A comparison with Dialectal Vocabulary,The Investigation Report of Guanzhong Dialects and current phonetics of Guanzhong dialects shows some fine changes on phonetics of Guanzhong dialects since the times of the Republic of China.