星地量子保密通信进展

The Development of Quantum Secret Communication between the Ground and Satellite

量子通信的全球化过程需要地面与星地之间的通信链路,地面量子通信网络已经处于试验向应用转化阶段,目前需要重点突破星地之间量子保密通信;星地量子密钥分发的实现是量子保密通信得以全球化应用的基础,利用卫星进行单光子或者纠缠光子的分发,其传输距离将突破现有的大气环境中100公里以及光纤的200公里的传输距离的限制,从而为全球量子密钥分发的实现做准备;量子通信新技术手段的不断发展为量子通信的广泛应用奠定基础,同时这项技术可以为深空激光通信、单光子通信、星潜通信等新兴的量子技术提供技术支持。文章就量子通信的发展现状、新技术手段做了详细的介绍,讨论了量子通信可能的应用空间。

Quantum Communication on planetary scale requires complementary links between ground and satellites. The quantum-key-distribution（ QKD） on the ground is relatively mature now,and the realization of QKD between the satellite and the ground is the fundamental for global quantum communication. Using the satellite to realize the distribution of single and entanglement photons can break through the limited transmission distance of - 100 Km in the atmosphere and - 200 Km in the fiber. It will make preparation for the mass application of global quantum communication. The development of the new technique of quantum communication can lay foundations for the mass application of quantum communication. Moreover,this technology can make preparation for the new quantum technique such as free space optical communication in deep space,single photon communication,and satellite to submarine communication and so on. In this paper,the development of quantum communication is introduced; including the new technology of quantum key distribution. And then,the possible application of quantum communication is discussed.