直肠癌患者术前加强营养护理的应用效果

Efficacy of preoperative enhanced nutritional nursing in rectal cancer patients

目的探讨直肠癌患者术前加强营养护理的应用效果。方法选取2014年2月至2015年2月间收治的60例直肠癌手术患者,按照随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组,每组各30例。观察组患者术前采用肠内营养剂加强营养,对照组患者术前采用传统流质饮食。比较两组患者的肠道清洁度、手术情况、术后营养情况和并发症。结果两组患者肠道清洁度、手术时间、术中出血量差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。观察组患者术后肛门排气时间、半流质饮食时间、住院时间短于对照组,术后3天的血清白蛋白和血清总蛋白水平高于对照组,胃肠功能紊乱和并发症发生率少于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论术前加强营养护理可提高直肠癌患者术后的营养状况,减少胃肠功能紊乱和术后并发症,且不影响肠道清洁度。

Objective To investigate the efficacy of preoperative enhanced nutritional nursing in rectal cancer patients. Methods From February 2014 to February 2015 in Wuhan University People’s Hospital,60 rectal cancer patients with surgery were randomly divided into the observation group and the control group,30 cases in each group. The patients in the observation group was given enteral nutrition to enhanced nutritional before operation and those in the control group used the traditional liquid diet. The intestinal cleanliness,operation,postoperative nutritional status and complications between the two groups were compared. Results There were no significant difference in intestinal cleanness,operation time,bleeding volume and postoperative complications between the two groups（ P 〉 0. 05）. Postoperative anal exhaust time,semi liquid diet time,hospitalization time in the observation group were shorter than those of the control group; serum albumin（ ALB） and total protein（ TP） after 3 d of operation in the observation group were higher than those of the control group,and the gastrointestinal function disorder and postoperative complications were lower than those of the control group,with significant differences（ P 〈 0. 05）. Conclusions Preoperative enhanced nutritional nursing can improve the nutritional status of rectal cancer patients,reduce gastrointestinal dysfunction and postoperative complications,and can not affect the intestinal cleanliness.