新生儿腋静脉穿刺置管护理管理

Nursing Management of Neonatal Axillary Vein Catheterization

腋静脉穿刺置管是长期输液新生儿比较理想的置管部位,该处静脉体表定位较易、血管固定,相较于PICC及其它部位留置针,操作简单、创伤小、并发症发生率低。腋静脉穿刺置管也存在相关并发症,穿刺前应选择合适型号的针型、导管,规范穿刺,做好输液时管理,加强巡视、及时更换液体、轻柔操作、规范封管,及时处理静脉炎等并发症。目前争议主要集中在封管方法、封管液类型与量的选择、常用留置针并发症防治方法有效性与安全性。

Axillary vein puncture tube was the ideal tube position of long-term neonatal transfusion,it featured superficial venous positioning and convenient fixed. Compared with PICC and other parts indwelling needle,it featured simple operation,small trauma,low complication rate. However,axillary vein puncture and catheterization had related complications. Before puncture suitable types of needle and catheter,need to chose the standardization of puncture,do the transfusion management,strengthen the inspection,timely replace liquid,gentle operation,standard sealed tube,timely treat complications such as phlebitis controversy was necessary. At present,it mainly concentrated in the sealed tube method,sealed tube type and quantity of fluid selection,and was commonly used indwelling needle complications prevention and treatment effectiveness and safety.