呼出气一氧化氮检测与儿童哮喘气道炎症

Fractional Exhaled Nitric Oxide and Airway Inflammation of Asthma in Children

哮喘是儿童常见的慢性呼吸道疾病,是由气道结构细胞等多种细胞及多种介质等参与的气道慢性炎症性疾病。一氧化氮(NO)是目前已知最小、最轻的一种气道炎性标志物,NO产生机制以及生理功能与哮喘气道炎症存在紧密关系。呼出气NO(FeNO)检测可帮助诊断哮喘,并可区分出在吸入糖皮质激素治疗中获益的患者;同时FeNO有助于预测哮喘急性加重,预测激素的减量或撤停;此外,FeNO还有助于学龄前儿童呼吸道症状的鉴别诊断,并可更好地监测抗炎疗效。

Asthma is a common chronic respiratory disease in children,a chronic inflammatory disease of the airway,involving many kinds of cells including airway structure cells and many mediators. Nitric oxide（ NO） is the smallest and lightest airway inflammation marker known so far. There is close relationship between airway inflammation of asthma and production mechanism and physiological function of NO. Fractional exhaled NO（ FeNO） contributes to the diagnosis of asthma,and can distinguish patients benefiting from inhaled glucocorticoids. FeNO is also helpful to predict the acute exacerbation of asthma,and to forecast decrement or withdrawal of hormone. In addition,FeNO contributes to differential diagnosis of respiratory symptoms and monitoring of anti-inflammatory treatment in preschool children.