船员工资支付保障中的强制险构建考量

On the Compulsory Insurance of Crew Wages in the Payment System

中国现阶段,船员被恶意拖薪或扣薪现象仍十分严重,导致与船员工资有关的纠纷大量存在。船员与船公司或渔船主在劳动仲裁或法律诉讼中,对是否拖欠工资、拖欠工资期间以及工资数额等证据的提交,船员多处于劣势地位,裁判机构多因证据不足而拒绝对船员工资纠纷进行受理或裁决。在船员薪金支付保障领域,通过事前风险防范机制,探究强制责任保险制度植入船员薪金支付保障机制中的可行性,解消船员工资保证金制度在公法层面上的运行阻力。通过船员工资强制责任保险的构建,运用风险分摊的制度优势,对船员与用人单位之间工资风险和权责进行重新考量,最大限度地维护劳资双方利益平衡,扭转该领域的混乱局面。

At present, crew wages are often maliciously dragged or unpaid, which leads to a large number of disputes in China. The seamen are the underdogs in labor arbitration or lawsuits compared with shipping companies or shipping vessel owners inpresenting evidence of wage arrears, the period of wage arrears or the amount of wages, etc. Without sufficient evidence, the adjudicatory agency usually refuses to handle or resolve the disputes of crew wages. In the payment system of crew wages, it＇s necessary to explore the possibility of implanting compulsory liability insurance into the crew payment security mechanism by creatingthe mechanism of beforehand risk prevention so as to reduce the running resistance of crew wage margin system in public laws.By turning to crew wage compulsory liability insurance and the principle of risk-sharing, the wage risks and responsibilities between the seamen and the employer will be reconsidered and the interests balance between the two parties maximized, thus eliminating the chaos in this field.