体裁学研究的个案方法——从京剧与故事两个不同体裁切入

On Different Genres of Literature: a Case Study of Peking Opera and Folktales

中国有京剧国粹,又是故事大国,两者都引国人骄傲;京剧能演故事,故事能叙述京剧,两者也有联系,不过将两者综合起来进行研究的先例还不多,这与两者文化分层有关。目前开展这项研究是有学术价值的:首先,在研究对象上,它可以建立将中国整体文学打通研究的个案;其次,在研究方法上,它的搜集资料、分析文本和建立个案的过程,能体现多学科交叉研究的必要性;再次,在研究问题上,它能探索解决以往学科分科过细造成的单一学科难以解决的问题,如中国文学体裁学的研究特色等,这些都是值得花时间去做的工作,也许对京剧非物质文化遗产的扩大普及和未来传承也有积极意义。

Chinese people are proud of Peking opera, the national art treasure, and rich folktales, whichare mutually dependent. However, few scholars have linked the two genres in their research because of thecultural stratification of the two. At present, the related research has its academic value. First, as the object ofstudy, it will provide an example to integrate the entire Chinese literature. Second, in methodology, the process of data collection and text analysis proves the necessity of interdisciplinary research. Third, specifically,it could solve the problems which a single discipline cannot deal with because of the subdivision of disciplines in the past, say, the feature of genre study. The relevant research may play a positive role in the popularization and protection of Peking opera as an intangible heritage.