两种酚酸类物质对花生根部土壤养分、酶活性和产量的影响

Effects of two phenolic acids on root zone soil nutrients,soil enzyme activities and pod yield of peanut

为探讨连作花生土壤中酚酸类物质的累积与花生连作障碍的关系,通过大田盆栽试验,研究了对羟基苯甲酸、肉桂酸对花生花针期(出苗后45 d)、结荚初期(出苗后75 d)、结荚末期(出苗后105 d)根部土壤养分、酶活性及产量的影响.结果表明:经两种酚酸类物质处理后,花生根部土壤养分和酶活性均发生了明显的变化,以在花针期受到的影响最大,土壤碱解氮、有效磷、有效钾和土壤脲酶、蔗糖酶、中性磷酸酶活性均显著降低;到花生结荚初期和结荚末期,两种物质对土壤养分、酶活性的抑制作用有减弱趋势.初始含量相同时,肉桂酸的化感作用相对较强.高浓度(80 mg·kg^(-1)干土)对羟基苯甲酸、肉桂酸处理分别使每盆花生荚果产量降低了45.9%、52.8%,单株结果数降低了46.2%、48.9%.

In order to investigate the relationship between the accumulation of phenolic acids in peanut continuous cropping soil and the continuous cropping obstacle of peanut,the effects of p-hydroxy benzoic acid and cinnamic acid on peanut root zone soil nutrients,soil enzyme activities and yield of peanut were studied by pot experiment at three stages of peanut,i.e.the pegging stage of peanut（ 45 days after seedling）,the early podding（ 75 days after seedling） and the end of podding（ 105 days after seedling） stages.The results showed that the peanut root zone soil nutrients and enzyme activities changed obviously under the two phenolic acids treatment,especially at the pegging stage of peanut.The soil alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen,available phosphorus,available potassium,and soil enzyme activities（ urease,sucrose,neutral phosphatase） were decreased significantly.At the early and end of podding stages of peanut,the effects of the two phenolic acids on peanut root zone soil nutrients and soil enzyme activities were under a weakening trend.The allelopathy of cinnamic acid was stronger than that of p-hydroxy benzoic acid at the same initial content.The pod yield per pot was reduced by 45.9% and 52.8%,while the pod number of per plant was reduced by 46.2% and 48.9% at higher concentration（ 80 mg·kg^（-1） dry soil） of p-hydroxy benzoic acid and cinnamic acid treatments,respectively.