间作对旱地CO_2和N_2O排放影响的研究进展

Effects of intercropping on soil CO_2 and N_2O emissions from upland: A review

农田温室气体排放是近年来科学界的研究热点,采用合适的种植模式是减少农田温室气体排放的有效途径之一.本文综述了作物间作对旱地土壤CO_2和N_2O排放的影响及机理.合理间作能够提高土壤有机碳(SOC)含量、促进不同作物秸秆向SOC转化、降低SOC矿化速率,从而减少CO_2排放.禾本科与豆科作物间作能够在维持作物产量的情况下,减少化学氮肥投入、土壤有效氮残留及还田秸秆产生的无机氮,降低N_2O排放.间作作物的互作、田间小气候环境的改善也是影响土壤温室气体排放的重要因素.今后,要增加土壤温室气体监测时长并对影响因子进行综合、全面的分析,尤其是从分子水平探究间作模式下土壤微生物对温室气体产生过程的作用机理,为构建环境友好型农业模式提供科学依据.

Greenhouse gases（ GHGs） emission from arable field is a hot topic recently,adopting appropriate cropping systems is an effective way to reduce GHGs emission.This paper reviewed the impacts and mechanisms of intercropping on soil CO_2 and N_2O emissions in upland field.Rational intercropping systems could increase soil organic carbon（ SOC）,promote the transformation of straw to SOC,slow down mineralization rate of SOC,and hence reduce soil CO_2 emissions.The Poaceae intercropping with legume could maintain the stability of yield while reducing synthetic N inputs,formation of inorganic N by residue decomposition and soil mineral N,and further reducing soil N_2O emission.In addition,crop interactions in intercropping system and filed microclimate were important factors on GHGs emission as well.It is necessary to extent the period of researches in field GHGs emission in order to fully understand the underlying mechanisms of GHGs emission in farm land,especially the function of soil microorganisms at molecular level.It would provide theoretical knowledge in building environment-friendly agricultural system in the future.