哈萨克斯坦炼油厂火炬总图布置研究

Study on the general layout of flare in Kazakhstan refinery

火炬系统是炼油厂生产中重要的安全环保设施之一,且属于易燃、易爆和硫化氢中毒等事故易发部位,在炼油厂设计中火炬位置的选择非常重要。在哈萨克斯坦(简称哈国),火炬总图布置执行的规范包括前苏联部分标准、哈国自定标准及欧盟标准等。结合哈国炼油厂设计实践,具体分析了哈国某炼油厂改造工程中火炬总图布置,包括防火规范、卫生标准、辐射热安全规定等规范中对火炬总图布置的要求,并与中国执行的关于火炬总图布置的规范相比较,最终给出该改造工程的火炬总图布置方案。分析得知应严格执行哈国关于防火、安全、卫生等强制性标准规范,其规范的辐射热值及防护围栏等要求更高,且须满足各种最不利情况下的安全要求,以便使项目顺利通过各阶段的评审及验收。

Flare system is one of the important safety and environmental protection facilities in refinery.As it is in the flammable,explosive and hydrogen sulfide poisoning location,the selection of flare position is very important in the design of the refinery. In Kazakhstan,the design of general layout of flare system follows some standards of the former Soviet Union,the standards of Kazakhstan and the standards of Europe Union,etc,. The general layout of the flare system for a refinery revamping project in Kazakhstan is analyzed,including the requirements of fire protection codes,health standards and specifications of radiation safety on the general layout of flare. After comparison of these codes and standards with the applicable codes and standards implemented in China for the design of general layout of flare system,the general layout design of the flare system for the revamping project is finalized. The analysis concludes that the mandatory codes and standards of Kazakhstan on fire protection,safety and health shall be strictly followed because of higher requirements on radiation heat and protection fence. The safety requirements under various unfavorable conditions shall be met so as to pass the appraisal and acceptance at different stages.