南海安全区域间治理模式探析

A Research on the Interregional Governance Mode for South China Sea Security

实现南海区域安全与和平、稳定一直以来是中国和东盟国家就南海局势展开对话与合作的重要议题之一。然而,现实中的南海安全局势却一再紧张,这表明南海区域安全制度性安排与安全秩序理念和现有变化、发展迅速的南海安全形势已经出现了不同步、不协调的状况。在过往长期的南海安全区域间治理实践中,东盟和中国作为南海周边最具影响力的国家间集团和最重要的区域大国,以不同的方式,就南海安全的区域间治理展开了对话与合作,并形成了各自富有特色的治理模式,"东盟模式"和"中国模式"。这两种模式从不同层次和多个渠道就南海区域安全治理进行了对话与合作,并在南海安全区域间治理方面发挥了一定的效用。然而,目前南海安全体系呈现出来的脆弱性和南海区域安全现况却一再揭示,中国和东盟在南海安全区域间治理进程中还面临着不少现实的困境。为克服这些困境,更好地实现南海安全的区域间治理,中国和东盟应形成合力,为南海安全的区域间治理重塑一个相吻合的制度规范,共同构建一个相匹配的角色、身份与创造一个具有建设性意义的内外治理环境。

To achieve regional peace and stability in the South China Sea is one of the important issues in the dialogue and cooperation between China and ASEAN countries.However,the recurrent tension in security situation in the South China Sea shows that the regional security concept,the institutional arrangements,and the existing rapidly-changing security situation in the South China Sea have become out of sync and uncoordinated.In the past,China and ASEAN,as an important country and the most important regional organization in the region,have long been taking measures in their own ways to conduct dialogue and cooperation on the regional security governance in the South China Sea,hence two distinct modes for interregional governance:the ASEAN Mode and the China Mode.These two modes work,either separately or together,for dialogue and cooperation on the South China Sea regional security governance at different levels and through multiple channels.The two modes have played a role that cannot be ignored.However,the fragility of current security system and the existing regional security situation in the South China Sea indicate that China and ASEAN are faced with a real dilemma with regard to interregional governance.Therefore China and ASEAN should work together for better coordination in mechanism-building,reshaping a befitting role and identity,and creating a constructive internal and external governance environment,so as to overcome foregoing difficulties and improve the security interregional governance in the South China Sea.