几种药剂对桃树细菌性穿孔病的防效和残留分析初探

Several Pesticides Control Effect on Peach Bacterial Shot Hole and Their Residue Analysis

[目的]明确防治桃树细菌性穿孔病的筛选药剂、应用技术。[方法]采用田间原位试验法,对异菌脲、农用硫酸链霉素、中生菌素、春雷霉素、唑醚·代森联开展田间药效试验与最终残留验证试验。[结果]对桃树细菌性穿孔病,中生菌素30 mg a.i./kg防效最好;春雷霉素,高温下防效较好,可以进一步在生产中加以应用观察;农用硫酸链霉素,受高温影响较大,特别经过8月上中旬的高温后,药效逐渐减退,至目前为止,与空白对照一样,病叶脱落较多,不适合在桃树上推广应用;唑醚·代森联本身药效不高,加上受天气影响较大,不易作为防治桃树细菌性穿孔病的药剂。农药残留未检出。[结论]中生菌素30 mg a.i./kg、春雷霉素25 mg a.i./kg,作为防治桃树细菌性穿孔病的药剂,在病害发生前开始施药,防效比较明显,建议视天气变化,交替使用。

[Aims] The paper aims to guide the scientific control of peach bacterial shot hole and to guarantee the quality and safety of agro-products. [Methods] Field trial were conducted to evaluate the efficacy and final residue of iprodione, kasugamycin, zhongshengmycin, pyraclostrobin, metiram. [Results] The efficacy results of field trial showed that the control effects of zhongshengmycin 3% WP （30 mg a.i./kg） was the best to control the peach bacterial shot hole, kasugamycin had a good control efficacy at high temperature, it would be investigated future for application. The control efficacy of agricultural streptomycin sulfate was affected by high temperature, after the mid-August high temperature climate, the efficacy gradually diminished, until the same effect as the control, such as more diseased leaves off. So, streptomycin sulfate is not suitable on peachtree for control the bacterial shot hole. Pyraclostrobin metiram control effect was influenced by the weather, also not suitable for application on peachtree. [Conclusions] Zhongshengmycin （30 mg a.i./kg） and kasugamycin（25 mg a.i./kg） could be chosen to control peach bacterial shot hole by spraying before initial stage of the disease, it is recommended that two pesticides were used alternatively as the weather changes. Pesticide residue was not detected. Until now, we had collected only one years＇ data, the control effect should be verified in future application.