洞庭湖水系的形态及染色体组型研究

Study on Morphology and Karyotype of Hemiculter leucisculusin Dongting Lake Water Systems

【目的】研究洞庭湖水系(Hemiculter leucisculus)的形态特征和染色体组型。【方法】采用常规生物学形态测量及PHA和秋水仙素腹腔注射法,对洞庭湖水系的进行形态学特征及染色体组型分析。【结果】湖南洞庭湖水系与湖北长江干流的在各性状上非常接近,而与广东珠江水系的在头长/眼径、头长/眼间距、体长/头长3个比例性状上存在较大差别;洞庭湖水系与湖北长江干流和广东珠江水系的染色体数目相同,但核型不同,其二倍体染色体众数为2N=48,核型公式为16M+24SM+8ST,染色体臂数(NF)为88。【结论】不同水域的在形态和核型方面存在差异。

【Objective】To study the morphological characteristics and karyotype of H.leucisculus in Dongting lake water systems.【Method】By using the conventional biological morphometry,PHA and colchicine injection method in vivo,the morphological characteristics and karyotype of H.leucisculus in Dongting lake water systems were analyzed.【Results】H.leucisculus between Dongting lake water systems in Hunan and the main stem of Yangtze river in Hubei had little difference in each character.But the three ratio traits including head length/eye diameter,head length/ diameter between eyes and standard length / head length,H.leucisculus between Dongting lake water systems and the Pearl river system in Guangdong had significant differences.The numbers of H.leucisculus chromosomes in Dongting lake water systems were the same with that in the main stem of Yangtze river in Hubei and the Pearl river system in Guangdong.But the karyotypes of H.leucisculus in three areas had differences.The diploid chromosomes number of H.leucisculus in Dongting lake water systems was 2N=48and the karyotype formula was 16M＋24SM＋8ST,NF=88.【Conclusion】H.leucisculus morphological diversity and karyotype diversity in different waters were found by comparison.