不同施氮浓度下弹尾虫季节动态特征研究

Research on seasonal change of Collembola under different nitrogen application

弹尾虫是土栖动物中一个重要类群,分布广泛。在小兴安岭森林生态系统定位研究站,在不同施氮浓度下(对照、低氮、中氮和高氮)采用Tullgren干漏斗法分离弹尾虫并进行鉴定与数据分析。共获得标本3 430个,隶属于7科。类群数方面,优势科为等节科、棘科和球角科,常见科为疣科,稀有科为长角科、鳞科,极稀有科为圆科。不同季节主要差距体现在稀有类群方面。总个体数夏季最多,秋季最少。在春季和夏季,个体数总体规律为中氮下最多,高氮下最少。对照、低氮和高氮3组弹尾虫数量的动态变化为从春季到秋季为先增多后减少,而中氮组为连续性数量减少。

Collembola are small important soil animals,distributed widely. We chose the sampling site in Forest Research Center in Xiaoxinganling Mountains. Tullgren method was used to separate the specimens under different nitrogen application（ Control, Lew nitrogen, Moderate nitrogen, High nitrogen）. In total,there are 3 430 specimens,belonging to 7 families. The dominant groups are Isotomidae,Onchiuridae,and Hypogastruridae and the common groups are Neanuridae,the rare groups are Entomobryidae and Tomoceridae and Sminthuridae is the extremely rare group. The main difference exists in rare group. The total individual number is the highest in summer,and the lowest in autumn. In spring and summer of 2014,the total number is highest in Moderate nitrogen,and the lowest in High nitrogen. In Control,Low nitrogen and High nitrogen,it incresed then decreased from spring to autumn,but in Moderate nitrogen,it decreased successively.