英国城市学院早期发展的因素分析

On the Factors of the Early Development of English Civic colleges

英国城市学院早期的良性发展得益于内外两方面因对我国学科评估发展的调查与分析素。外部因素包括工业、贸易和金融业的发展需求、工业人口的增长和中等教育的发展、相对宽松的宗教氛围、城市的崛起以及古典大学对社会需求反应的迟缓等,它们为城市学院的发展提供了适宜的气候与土壤;内部因素主要是英国城市学院发展初期采取的措施,包括以中低层社会子弟为主体生源、招收女生、吸引优秀教师加盟、以应用学科为主且注意文理交融、建设应用科学研究中心、采取灵活的办学形式、积极吸纳社会捐赠等。英国城市学院早期发展的经验对我国新建地方本科院校的发展具有重要的启示。

Both outside and inside factors made a decisive function in the early development of English civic colleges. The outside factors included the development needs of the industry, trades and banking business, the growth of the cities, relatively freer religious atmosphere and the development of secondary education, as well asthe slow response by the ancient universities toward the social needs for applied subjects; the inside factors were mainly the measures adopted by civic colleges to handle the important issues such as the attraction of students, the development of applied subjects, applied scientific research, and so on. The experiences of the development of English civic colleges were helpful to the new provincial universities in China.