海军男性现役海勤人员口腔健康状况特异性的调查分析

Investigation and analysis on specificity of oral health status in male active marine service personnel

目的确定在舰艇工作生活环境下的海勤人员口腔健康与同龄群体的差异情况,为控制舰艇部队海勤人员的发病率、提高战斗力提供理论支撑。方法采用WHO 1997年公布的口腔健康检查标准,采用不等比、整群抽样调查方法,选择3组相同年龄阶段的海军男性海勤人员、海军男性陆勤学员和地方普通高校男性大学生为调查样本,共调查2 985人,利用Fox Pro 6.0软件建立数据库,比较3组成员在龋病和牙周疾病的发病率的差异,采用SPSS 19.0软件进行统计分析。结果海勤军士患龋率和龋失补齿率(39%,56%)显著高于陆勤男性学员(30%,43%)和男性地方大学生群体(32%,45%)(P<0.01);海勤军士人均龋失补齿数(0.84)显著高于陆勤学员(0.57)和大学生群体组(0.58),且差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);海勤军士的牙龈炎(7.7%)、早期牙周病(1.1%)和晚期牙周病(0.3%)的发病率相对于男性陆勤学员(牙龈炎11%,早期牙周病2.6%,晚期牙周病0.8%)以及地方男性大学生群体(牙龈炎10%,早期牙周病2.9%,晚期牙周病0.9%)均偏低且差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);而海军陆勤学员牙周疾病发病率与大学生群体相比无显著差异(P>0.05)。结论舰艇环境会促使男性海勤人员更易发生龋病,而牙周疾病的发病率却显著低于陆勤人员和大学生组,具有一定的特异性。

[Objective] To confirm the diversity of the oral health status between naval active personnel lived in vessels environment and the other groups with same age, provide the theoretical support for controlling the incidence of diseases among marine service personnel on vessels and heightening the battle effectiveness.[Methods]Oral health status was evaluated according to the criteria issued by World Health Organization（WTO） in 1997. 2 985 people of three groups（including male marine service personnel, male naval land service personnel and male college students） were collected by using the disproportion and cluster sampling method. The date base was established with FoxPro 6.0, to compare the differences in incidence rates of dental caries and periodontal disease. The statistical analysis was conducted by SPSS 19.0 software.[Results] The prevalence rate of caries （39%） and rate of decayed, missing and filled tooth （DMFT） （56%） in male marine service personnel was higher than those in male naval land service personnel （30% and 43% ） and male college students （32% and 45% ）, and the differences were statistically significant （P〈0.01）. The DMFT number per capita in male marine service personnel （0.84） was higher than that in male naval land service personnel （0.57） and male college students （0.58）, and the differences were statistically significant （P〈 0.01 ）. The incidence rate of gingivitis（7.7%）, early periodontal disease（ 1.1% ） and advanced periodontal disease（0.3% ） in male marine service personnel were lower than those in male naval land service personnel （which was respectively 11%, 2.6% and 0.8%） and male college students（which was respectively 10%, 2.9% and 0.9%）, the differences were statistically significant（P〈 0.01 ）. There was no statistically significant difference in incidence rate of periodontal disease between naval land service personnel and college students （P〉0.05）.[Conclusion] The male marine service personnel in vessels environment are prone to suffer from dental caries, however, their incidence rate of periodontal diseases is lower than that in naval land service personnel and college students, which indicates there is the specificity.