生产率与出口企业市场进入次序的双向影响——来自中国工业企业的证据

Two-way Influence between Productivity and Market Entry Order of Exporters——Evidence from China's Industrial Enterprises

本文以出口企业的市场进入次序为落脚点,利用2000-2006年中国海关数据库和中国工业企业数据库的海量匹配数据,对出口企业的市场进入次序与企业生产率的增速之间的关系进行实证分析。研究结果表明,高生产率企业更倾向于充当开拓者,而低生产率企业倾向于充当跟随者,这种自选择作用在制成品出口中得以彰显,但在初级产品和农产品出口中并不显著;短期内跟随者的生产率增速高于开拓者,但在长期开拓者的先发优势愈发显著,其生产率增速明显优于跟随者。

Based on the market entry order of exporters in new product-market portfolio and using the matched big data of China＇s Customs Database and Chinese Industrial Enterprise Database during 2000- 2006,this paper creatively raises and answers two questions respectively. Firstly,is the choice of market entry order of exporters based on the＂self-selection＂of these firms＇ productivity？ The results prove that the more productive firms tend to be pioneers and the less productive ones tend to be followers. The self-selection effect is more significant in exporting manufactured goods,but not obvious in exporting primary goods and agricultural goods. Secondly,does market entry order have an impact on the growth rate of firms＇ productivity after exporting？ The results verify that in the short term,the growth rate of productivity is higher in followers than in pioneers,but with the advantage of pioneers becoming more obvious over time,their growth rate of productivity is apparently better than followers.