不同品种费约果叶片形态结构及光合特性研究

Studies on the Morphological Structure of Leaves and Photosynthetic Characteristics of Different Cultivars of Feijoa sellowiana Berg.

以Coolidge、Mammoth、Unique、Apollo、Gemini和Triumph等6个费约果品种为材料,采用石蜡切片法、数字图像处理法、仪器分析及相关回归分析等对不同品种叶片形态结构及其光合特性进行比较研究。结果表明,6个品种费约果叶片长度、宽度、形状、面积和质量均有所不同;叶片为典型的异面叶,栅栏组织层数为三层,具有较强的光合能力;叶片角质层厚度、上下表皮厚度、第一层栅栏组织细胞密度和主脉厚度均有差异。其中Triumph叶片的角质层厚度、上下表皮厚度、第一层栅栏组织细胞密度和主脉厚度等指标均显著大于其他品种;Coolidge、Mammoth和Gemini次之;Unique和Apollo较小。6个品种的日平均净光合速率、日平均气孔导度、日平均胞间CO2浓度和日平均蒸腾速率等4个指标间均无显著性差异,都呈规律性变化,其日变化趋势多数相似,净光合速率日变化趋势不同。

Six feijoa cultivars,Coolidge,Mammoth,Unique,Apollo,Gemini and Triumph were used to study their leaf morphological characteristics,anatomical structure and photosynthetic characteristics with the methods of paraffin section,digital image processing,instrumental analysis,correlation and regression analysis.The result showed that the length,width,shape,area and weight of the leaves among these feijoa cultivars were different.Their leaves were typical bifacial leaf with three layers of palisade tissue and possessed photosynthetic capacity.There were differences among thickness of cuticle,the upper and lower epidermis thickness,the cell density of first layer of palisade tissue and the thickness of the primary vein of different feijoa cultivars.Those parameters of Triumph were significantly higher than that of other cultivars,followed by Coolidge,Mammoth and Gemini,Unique and Apoll.There were no significant differences among the daily mean net photosynthetic rate（Pn）,stomatal conductance（Gs）,intercellular CO2concentration（Ci）and transpiration rate（Tr）among all cultivars.The diurnal variation of these 4indexes for 6feijoa cultivars showed similar trends of change except Pn.