补偿型医疗保险中的约定代位权探究

The Study of Conventional Subrogation in Compensated Medical Insurance

最高人民法院在《关于适用〈保险法〉若干问题的解释三》(征求意见稿)中提出,补偿型医疗保险合同中,保险人理赔后可行使法定代位权。根据司法解释不得违反法律规定的立法法原则,最高人民法院提出的补偿型医疗保险代位权规则与我国现行保险法的规定相左。为解决这一问题,在补偿型医疗保险中可以适用约定代位权,这不仅避免了与保险法直接产生冲突,而且用约定代位权的方式引入当事人意思自治,较法定代位权适用更灵活。应采用补偿型医疗保险约定代位权规则来实现与保险法的衔接,以弥补我国现有保险法规定中存在的补偿型医疗保险禁止保险代位追偿的不足。

According to on the third explanation of several issues about the application of Insurance Law（ opening soliciting draft） issued by supreme people＇s court,in compensated medical insurance,insurers have the right to assume statutory subrogation rule after claims. However,this compensated medical insurance subrogation is in conflict with current Insurance Law under the principle of Legislation Law（ i.e. no violation to legal provisions）. To tackle this problem,conventional subrogation should be applied in compensated medical insurance,and it can not only avoid the direct conflict with Insurance Law,but also consider the party autonomy,thus it is more flexible than statutory subrogation rule. Meanwhile,conventional subrogation of compensated medical insurance should be adopted to achieve the cohesion to Insurance Law so as to make up the insufficiency where no substitution- claim about conventional subrogation is permitted in current Insurance Law.