基于需求侧放电竞价的电动汽车充放电调度研究

Research on Charging and Discharging Dispatch of Electric Vehicles Based on Demand Side Discharge Bidding

为促进电动汽车与电网协调发展,提出了一种基于需求侧放电竞价的电动汽车充放电调度模型。在日前调度中,负荷聚合商根据电力公司公布的次日需要削减负荷时段。通过对电动汽车用户行为特性的预测,以最大化电动汽车放电量为目标对可控容量进行预测,并参与需求侧放电竞价。电力公司根据负荷聚合商在各时段的出力和报价,以最小化负荷调度成本为目标优化调度计划。在实时调度中,负荷聚合商以最大化其利益为目标对电动汽车进行充放电调度,使得在满足电动汽车用户充电需求的同时,降低充电成本和调度偏差。算例分析表明,电动汽车通过负荷聚合商参与需求侧放电竞价可以起到削峰填谷的作用,对预测精度的分析可以为负荷聚合商的投标决策提供指导。

1In order to promote electric vehicle development coordinated with power grid, this paper proposed a charging and discharging dispatch model of electric vehicles based on demand side discharge bidding. In day-ahead scheduling, electric company published time periods need to curtail load. According to prediction of electric vehicle users＇ behavior characteristics, load aggregator took maximum discharging capacity as goal to predict controllable capacity, and then participated in demand side discharge bidding. Electric company devoted to minimize load dispatching cost based on outputs and biddings of load aggregators. In real-time scheduling, load aggregator was aimed at maximizing its benefit through optimizing charging and discharging dispatch of electric vehicles. It could not only meet electric vehicle charging demand, but also reduce charging cost and dispatching deviation. Simulation result showed that the proposed dispatch model could play a role in peak load shifting. Prediction accuracy analysis could provide guidance for bidding decision of load aggregator.