江苏赤山湖国家湿地公园越冬鸟类多样性及其保护对策

Wintering Bird Diversity and Protection Strategies in Chishanhu National Wetland Park of Jiangsu,China

为查明赤山湖国家湿地公园越冬鸟类多样性现状,于2013-2014年和2014-2015年分别对区内赤山湖区和农田鱼塘区的越冬鸟类开展多次实地调查和监测。结果显示：赤山湖国家湿地公园共有越冬鸟类10目25科49种;其中,留鸟17种,冬候鸟26种,夏候鸟2种,旅鸟4种。赤山湖区的鸟种丰富度、多样性和均匀性均低于农田鱼塘区,但赤山湖区鸟类种群规模大,以鸭科鸟类为主。卫星影像解译分析结果表明：生境多样性的差异很可能是导致赤山湖区和农田鱼塘区鸟类群落结构不同的主要原因。根据本文研究结果和赤山湖湿地公园发展现状,笔者提出了相应的鸟类多样性保护和管理对策。

We studied the community structure of wintering birds in Chishanhu National Wetland Park of Jiangsu,China at the Chishanhu area and farmland/fishpond area in 2013-2014 and2014-2015.We recorded 49 species wintering in Chishanhu NWP,representing 10 orders and 25 families.There were 17 resident species.26 winter visitors.2 summer visitors,and 4 passage migrants.The species richness,diversity and evenness in Chishanhu Area were lower than at the farmland/fishpond area.However,the population size of wintering waterbirds was very large in Chishanhu area,and the Anatidae was the dominant family.Satellite image analyses showed that habitat diversity at the Chishanhu Area was lower than that at the farmland/fishpond area.This was probably the main reason for the difference of bird community structure between the two areas.Based on the study and current situation,we offer here recommendations for the conservation and management of bird diversity in Chishanhu NWP of Jiangsu,China.