中国锦屏地下实验室二期工程安全原位综合监测与分析

Comprehensive field monitoring of deep tunnels at Jinping underground laboratory(CJPL–Ⅱ) in China

中国锦屏地下实验室是目前世界上埋深最大的实验室。以中国锦屏地下实验室二期(CJPL–II)工程为研究对象,通过变形、开裂、弹性波、扰动应力、微震、声发射、三维激光扫描、岩体结构面遥测、爆破振动测试等原位综合监测手段,实时获取深部地下实验室开挖全过程的岩体响应及其演化特性,实现对深部岩体微观到宏观多尺度破裂、隧洞表面到岩体深部变形的综合监测。研究工程场址的地质辨识方法,给出深部复杂地质结构条件下的地质分区,结合真三轴、结构面实验和地应力测试,揭示各实验室开挖过程中不同的变形特征和破坏模式,实时捕获了深部工程灾害变形破裂的前兆信息,有效预警了岩爆和塌方工程灾害,确保了实验室施工全过程的工程安全。研究成果和基础数据为中国锦屏地下实验室安全建设运行、探讨深部岩体力学与工程科学难题均具有十分重要的意义。

The Jinping Underground Laboratory（CJPL） in China is currently the world＇s deepest laboratory in overburden. The paper focuses on the second phase project of CJPL,namely CJPL–II. Rock mass behaviors during the whole excavation process were real-timely obtained via a comprehensive monitoring approach,including the measurement of deformation and fracturing of rock mass,the elastic wave testing,the distribution stress testing,the micro-seismic and AE monitoring,the 3D laser scanning,the rock mass structure photogrammetry,the rock blasting monitoring,etc. It was also achieved that the multi-scale ruptures,from micro to macro,of rock masses,as well as their deformations from excavation surface to deeper surrounding rock,were detected or monitored. Based on a proposed identification approach of the engineering geology,the geological zones of deep rock mass structure were distinguished,in which rock mass deformation characteristics and their failure modes as well as the deformation and fracturing information prior to rock mass hazards were revealed. Several tunnel hazards including rockbursts and collapses were pre-warned,which ensured the safety during the construction of tunnels. This research with lots of basic data obtained is great significant to safe construction and the long-term operation of CJPL-II and to explore the deep problems of rock mechanics and engineering science.