突发性水污染事件中水资源损失评估方法应用与比较

Comparison of Three Methods for Assessing Damage of Water Resource in Sudden Water Pollution Accident

为研究突发性水污染事件中水资源损失的评估方法,以某次突发性油类污染事件为例,探索了影子价格法、虚拟成本法和排污收费法在应急处置阶段水资源损失评估中的应用,并对评估结果进行了比较分析,最后讨论了3种方法的适用性及其量化结果的合理性。结果表明,3种方法从不同角度量化的水资源损失存在一定差异,在给定的案例条件下,3种方法量化结果大小顺序为影子价格法>虚拟成本法>排污收费法。此外,3种方法均存在一定的不确定性因素,并且评估所需参数和操作难易程度也各不相同,因而在实际评估过程中可根据资料的完整度及适用程度灵活应用。

To research the evaluation method of water resource damage in sudden water pollution accident,case studies were conducted to investigate evaluation results on water resource damage by three different methods,which were shadow price,virtual disposal cost and pollution charges. Also,the applicability of three different methods and the rationality of their evaluated results were analyzed. Results indicated that three kinds of methods had different evaluation results. In the case of given conditions,evaluation values were ranked with the order of shadow price〉 virtual disposal cost〉 pollution charges. All three methods have uncertain factors,and the evaluation parameters and operation are also different,so they can be used freely in practice,according to the integrity and applicability of data.