王弼《观》卦释义研究

A Study of Wang Bi's Commentary on the Hexagram of Guan(Observing)

以王弼对《观》卦的注释为核心,通过对比王弼释义与儒家注释的异同,可以探讨王弼"观"的概念在认知方法、思维创造和政治实践上融合儒道的具体诠释活动。王弼通过"观我生"将"观"的活动从个体认知向天道本体探究扩展,个体以本体为参照,在"观妙"的过程中审视自己的存在,从"自我观之"走向"以道观之"。因此祭祀内在的人文精神不仅体现为一种德性培育,更是对万物多样性与一致性的体察,连接道之体用,帮助个体从本体转向境界。"观感化物"作为"不言之教",也使儒家教化与无为之治相结合,成为可被践行的政治管理方法。

By comparing with other interpretations,this paper aims to demonstrate the cognitive approach,creative thinking and political practice in Wangbi＇s commentary on the hexagram of Observing（ Guan 观）. Wangbi＇s newdefinition of ＂observing where I am from ＂（ Guan Wo Sheng 观我生） expands the activity of observing from personal cognition to the exploration of ontology of Dao,thus＂observing the mysteries＂is inherent in the realization of self-existence. As a result,the participation of observing sacrifice is not only a kind of self-cultivation,but also a transcendental possibility to get insight into the consistency of ten thousands of things. Besides,Wangbi combines cultivation in Confucianism with the non-action（ Wu Wei 无为） in Taoism,making ＂self-experience cultivates everything＂more feasible in political management.