结构主义视野中的体裁历史诗学:托多洛夫与巴赫金的诗学对话

Historical Genre Poetics in the Perspective of Structuralism:A Poetic Dialogue between Todorov and Bakhtin

托多洛夫与巴赫金之间的诗学对话是发生在20世纪60-70年代的非常有意味的学术事件。托多洛夫身兼斯拉夫和法国两种学术传统,率先向法国学界介绍的是俄国形式主义,并成为法国结构主义运动的中坚。托多洛夫与巴赫金对于"诗学"的理解从大的背景上共享了欧洲自古希腊以来的学术传统,又彼此之间有一定的差异。这使得处于结构主义诗学时期的托多洛夫在接受巴赫金的复调、狂欢、多联性等理论时,一直努力坚守结构主义自我设定的学术边界,并对巴赫金的历史体裁诗学理论有所保留。

The poetic dialogue between Todorov and Bakhtin which took place between 1960＇s to 1970＇s was a very meaningful academic event. Todorov had the Slavic and France academic traditions,that＇s why he became one of the backbones of the French Structuralist Movement after he first introduced the Russian Formalism to French scholars. Todorov and Bakhtin shared the same academic tradition of Poetics which came from ancient Greece,but there were some differences between each other.This made Todorov adhere to the academic boundary of Structuralism which set for itself when he accepted Bakhtin＇s polyhony,carnival,and other theories. As a matter of fact,Todorov has some reservation about Bakhtin＇s theory on historical genre poetics.