论污染环境罪的违法构成要件

Study on the Essential Condition of Environmental Pollution Crime

污染环境罪是《刑法修正案(八)》对原重大环境污染事故罪修正后确立的罪名。该罪的修改降低了污染环境行为的入罪门槛,2013年出台的相关污染环境罪司法解释,则进一步明确了该罪的定罪量刑标准。文章采纳两阶层犯罪构成体系,探讨污染环境罪的违法构成要件,可知该罪的违法性在于对受法律保护的环境权的侵犯,犯罪主体以单位为主,该罪在实务操作中的难点和重点在于认定污染行为、污染物质及两者间的因果关系,因此污染结果认定标准的明确与推定因果关系证明方法的采取非常必要。

The Criminal Law Amendment（8） changed the original charges ＂the crime of major environmental pollution accident＂ to ＂the environment pollution crime＂. It lowered the incrimination standard and the relative judicial interpretation of environmental pollution crime issued in 2013 further explicated the standard of conviction and punishment. The paper accepted two-level system of constitution of a crime, studied on the illegal constitution of environmental pollution crime, the illegality of the crime attributed to violating the environmental right which protected by law. The main subject of this crime is a certain company. The difficult and important point of the crime is the identification of pollution and causal relationship. Therefore, it is necessary to identify the standard of pollutant and adopt the causality theory.