现代汉语祈使句的句末助词“吧”语用功能探析

The Analysis of the Pragmatic Functions of the Sentence-Final Particle ba(吧)

对句末助词"吧"在祈使句的具体分布及语用功能进行了细致的描写与语音验证。第一,从祈使句不同范畴分布的角度,揭示其分布规律、同现规约及语法意义。第二,从话语礼貌理论的角度,分析其语用功能,主要起缓和语气的作用,既有委婉礼貌也有粗鲁无礼的表现。第三,从语音实验的角度验证了其分类的合理性及不同功能下的语音特点。

This paper explores the distribution and the pragmatic function of ba（吧）in the imperatives and also conducts the verification of ba. Firstly,based on the review of the previous studies of ba,it probes into the distribution rules of ba,and reveals the constraints of semantic co- occurrence. Secondly,through the semantic analysis of ba in terms of Discourse Politeness Theory,it concludes that ba can serve the purpose of softening the manner of speaking and the degree of courtesy /discourtesy. Thirdly,the paper validates the accuracy of categorization of ba and its phonetic features in different functions.