长直管道阀门水击压强变化规律数值模拟研究

Numerical Simulation of Change Rule of Water Hammer Pressure of a Long Straight Pipe Valve

有压管阀门的突然关闭通常伴随水击现象的发生,且不同阀门的关闭对水击的影响也不同.本文利用Fluent软件中的滑移网格技术对3种典型阀门(球阀、蝶阀和闸阀)在突然关闭引起的水击现象进行了三维数值模拟.计算结果表明:各个阀在关阀时间为0.5s下的最大水击压强要比0.77s下的高,其中蝶阀的最大水击压强对时间的敏感性相对较低,在一定范围内,通过延长关阀时间来降低水击压强,闸阀和球阀相对于蝶阀而言会更为有效;各阀在关阀时间一定的情况下,碟阀前压强变化相对较缓,其水击压强高峰先于球阀和闸阀出现,且其最大水击压强值要远低于球阀和闸阀,其中闸阀的水击压强最大.在启闭方式和关阀时间一定的情况下,为了减小管路系统遭受水击压强的危害,可优先考虑蝶阀.

Sudden closing of the pressure pipe valve is usually accompanied by the occurrence of water hammer phenomenon;the impacts of different valves close on water hammer are also different.In this paper,the three-dimensional numerical simulation of the water hammer phenomenon caused by the sudden closure of three kinds of typical valves（ball valve,butterfly valve and gate valve）is carried out by using the sliding grid technology of Fluent software.The water hammer pressures of these three typical valves are calculated.The results show that the maximum water hammer pressure of the valve under closing time of 0.5sis higher than that of 0.77s;the maximum water hammer pressure of butterfly valve has a relatively low sensitivity to time;in a certain range,by extending the valve closure time to reduce the size of the water hammer pressure,the gate valve and ball valve relative to the butterfly valve are more effective.At the same time,when the valve closing at a certain time,the pressure change at the butterfly valve is relatively slow;and its water hammer pressure peak was ahead of ball valve and gate valve appeared;the maximum water hammer pressure of the butterfly value is lower than that of the ball valve and gate valve;and the maximum water hammer pressure of the gate valve is the highest.When the valve closing mode and closing time are fixed,in order to reduce the risk of water hammer pressure in the pipeline system,the butterfly valve has priority over other valves.