社区老年高血压患者自我管理水平调查及影响因素分析

Self-management of Elderly Hypertension Patients in Communities and Its Influence Factors

目的进行社区老年高血压患者自我管理水平的现状调查,并分析其影响因素。方法于2014年4—10月采用便利抽样法对洛阳市435例老年高血压患者进行高血压自我管理水平的调查,并进行影响因素的分析。结果社区老年高血压患者自我管理行为总体水平为(123.04±13.32)分,转换成标准化得分为74.57分,呈中等水平,各维度标准化得分由高到低依次为运动管理、用药管理、情绪管理、工作与休息管理、饮食管理、病情监测;职业、年龄、病程、医疗付费方式、居住情况、高血压程度是老年高血压患者自我管理水平的主要影响因素(P<0.05)。结论老年高血压患者自我管理水平受多种因素影响,社区医务工作者应根据患者的自我管理水平和职业、高血压程度等影响因素进行有效干预和科学管理,以控制血压水平,改善患者生活质量,降低疾病负担。

Objective To survey the current status of self-management of elderly hypertension patients in community and analyze its influence factors. Methods From April 2014 to October 2014, 435 elderly hypertension patients were selected and investigated with the Hypertension Patients Self-Management Behavior Rating Scale（HPSMBRS）. Results The overall score of self-management of elderly hypertension patients was 123.04 ±13.32, with a standardized score of 74.57. Dimensions scoring in descending order were sports management,medication management,emotion management,work and rest management,diet management and disease monitoring. Occupation, age, course of illness, medical expense payment mode, living condition and level of hypertension were the main influencing factors of self-management among elderly hypertension patients（P〈0.05）. Conclusion Self-management of elderly hypertension patients is influenced by multi-factors. Medical workers in community should develop effective interventions and scientific managements based on patients ＇ self-management and influence factors such as occupation and level of hypertension, to control blood pressure and improve the quality of life and cut down the disease burden.