太湖流域持久性有机污染物特征分析和生态与健康风险评价

Comprehensive analysis and ecological and health risk assessment of Persistent Organic Pollutants in Taihu Lake Basin

太湖流域经济社会发展迅速,近年持久性有机污染物逐渐成为研究热点.对太湖流域三类典型持久性有机污染物(多环芳烃PAHs、有机氯农药OCPs和多氯联苯PCBs)进行特征分析、生态风险评价和健康风险评价.根据太湖流域集中式饮用水源地现场采样分析数据和其他地区历史数据,对三类典型持久性有机污染物开展了特征分析和溯源分析;依据USEPA沉积物环境质量标准进行了PAHs、OCPs和PCBs的生态风险评价;应用USEPA暴露计算方法加以健康风险评价.结果表明:太湖流域沉积物中PAHs主要来源为燃烧;OCPs主要来源为土壤;PCBs主要来源为工厂排污;PAHs、OCPs和PCBs的生态风险和健康风险均较低;集中式饮用水源地水质较好,生态风险和健康风险较低.

With the rapid development of agriculture and industry in Taihu Lake Basin,Persistent Organic Pollutants（POPs）have become the focus of research.The paper performed characteristic analysis and ecological and health risk assessment for three kinds of Persistent Organic Pollutants,PAHs,OCPs and PCBs,in Taihu Lake Basin.Based onthe measured data from the centralized source of drinking water in Taihu Lake Basin and historical data from other regions,the paper analyzed the characteristics and sources of the three POPs.The ecological risk of PAHs,OCPs,and PCBs in Taihu Lake Basin were assessed according to the environmental quality standards in sediment of USEPA,and the health risks were assessed with the exposure assessment method of USEPA.The results showed that PAHs in Taihu Lake Basin were mainly from the combustion,OCPs from the soil,and PCBs from the factory wastes.PCBs、PAHs,and OCPs in the sediments of Taihu Lake Basin were in low ecological and health risk.The water quality from Taihu centralized drinking water source was good with low ecological and health risk.