甘肃省兰州市城区孕妇乙型肝炎表面抗原筛查和新生儿乙型肝炎疫苗及时接种现状分析

Analysis of Screening for Hepatitis B Surface Antigen among Pregnant Women and Timely Hepatitis B Vaccine Immunization among Newborns in Urban Areas of Lanzhou,Gansu Province

目的分析兰州市城区孕妇乙型肝炎（乙肝）表面抗原（HBsAg）筛查和新生儿乙肝疫苗（HepB）及时接种现状,提出改进预防保健服务的建议。方法对2010~2014年在医院分娩的孕妇进行HBsAg筛查,对HBsAg阳性母亲的新生儿及时实施HepB和/或乙肝免疫球蛋白（HBIG）接种,对结果进行描述性分析。结果在2010~2014年10 225名母亲生产的10633名活产新生儿中,359名HBsAg阳性孕妇的371名（100%）新生儿均在出生后24h内接种了HepB和HBIG;9866名HBsAg阴性母亲的10262名新生儿中,9560名（93.16%）新生儿在出生24 h内接种了HepB。2010~2014年5年间仅有346例新生儿未能及时接种HepB,未及时接种的主要原因为新生儿出生时低体重或早产。结论兰州市城区常规孕妇HBsAg筛查和有效的新生儿HepB及时接种工作已形成了系统、完善的管理机制和操作流程。

Objective To assess implementation of interventions to prevent mother-to-child transmission of hepatitis B virus（HBV） in urban areas of Lanzhou city,for improvement of health care services.Methods Pregnant women who delivered in Lanzhou Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital were screened for HBs Ag in 2010-2014.All newborns whose mothers were positive for HBs Ag were immunized with hepatitis B vaccine（HepB） and hepatitis B immunoglobulin（HBIG） to prevent mother-to-child transmission of HBV.We evaluated program implementation.Results Among a total of 10633 live newborns to 10225 mothers in 2010-2014,371 newborns of 359 HBs Ag-positive mothers all received HepB and HBIG within 24 hours of birth,and 9560（93.16%） newborns of 9866 HBs Ag-negative mothers received HepB within 24 hours of birth.Only 346 infants did not receive a timely HepB dose,mainly due to low birth weight or prematurity.Conclusions Systematic and complete management mechanisms and standard operating procedures for HBs Ag screening among pregnant women to prevent mother-to-child transmission of HBV have been successfully developed in the urban areas of Lanzhou.