窄间隙埋弧焊温度场数值分析

Numerical analysis of temperature field of narrow gap submerged arc welding

建立考虑电弧倾斜及坡口侧壁对电弧能量分配影响的热源模型,模拟两种焊丝姿态下的窄间隙埋弧焊温度场,通过试验验证模拟结果的正确性.结果表明,焊丝姿态的差异形成不同的温度分布特点.双丝焊时温度场呈沿焊接方向非对称分布,热量集中在远离侧壁侧,熔宽较大,侧壁熔深较小;单丝焊时温度场呈沿焊接方向对称分布,熔宽较小,侧壁熔深较大.双丝焊时侧壁熔合区受电流波动的影响较小.在前丝、后丝选用与单丝焊相同的电流及电压时双丝焊熔敷效率高,且具有产生更小过热区的倾向.

The temperature field of single wire and tandem wires narrow gap submerged arc welding were calculated by using the special heat source model. The effectiveness of the simulation results was verified by the experiments. The simulation results show that the temperature field aredifferent between the single wire and tandem wires welding. The temperature field of the tandem welding is dissymmetric with largerweld width and smaller weld penetration on the sidewall. The influence of current fluctuation in the penetration of the sidewall is smaller in the tandem welding. With the same current and voltage,the tandem welding has higher deposition efficiency and a smaller tendency to produce overheated zone.