英国、日本社区养老服务经验对我国的启示

The Experience of Community Endowment Service in England and Japan and the Enlightenment for China

目的探索一种适合我国国情的养老服务模式,为人口老龄化危机下的养老保障提供新思路。方法通过中外相关文献的查阅,归纳总结英国、日本两国先进成熟的社区养老服务经验,深入分析我国发展社区养老服务存在的问题并提出合理可行的解决方案。结果传统的家庭养老观念、不完善的社区服务管理及社区养老服务的专业化人才短缺影响我国社区养老服务的发展。结论我国发展社区养老服务要发挥政府的主导作用、倡导政府购买社区公共服务、完善不同需求的多层次服务体系、志愿者队伍参与社区养老服务以及重视服务人才的培养。

OBJECTIVE To explore one kind of aging care model according with the situation of China, which provides a new idea for the elderly security under the population aging crisis. METHODS Through consulting the related domestic and foreign references and field visiting in several communities in Tianjin, to sum up the UK, Japan advanced and mature experience in community endowment service, analyze deeply what is the matter of the community endowment service in China and come up with some reasonable solutions.RESULTS The traditional concept of aging care, imperfect community service and management, and the shortage of professional talents serviced for the community endowment all had negative effect in the development of community endowment service in China.CONCLUSION Developing the community endowment service needed to play the main role of government, advocate the government to purchase public service, perfect the different needs of multi-level service system, encourage volunteers to participate in community service and pay attention to the cultivation of service personnel.