上海市浦东新区唐镇社区老年人慢性病的6年纵向观察

6-year Longitudinal Study on Chronic Diseases of the Elderly in Tang Township Community of Pudong New Area in Shanghai

目的探讨上海市唐镇社区老年人群随着增龄变化慢性病的发病情况及影响因素,为社区老年人防治慢性病提供参考。方法采用回顾性队列研究的方法,观察老年人在2008年和2014年慢性病患病情况,通过性别、年龄段、体重指数和生化指标对慢性病发病影响进行纵向分析。结果随着年龄的增长,慢性病患病率和患病数逐渐增多,6年前后的患病顺位未变,前5位依次为高血压、脂肪肝、高脂血症、糖尿病和肝肾囊肿。6年间的慢性病发病率前5位依次为高脂血症、脂肪肝、糖尿病、高血压病和肝肾囊肿。6年中女性糖尿病发病率高于男性;随着体重的增加,高血压病和脂肪肝发病率也随之升高;胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白升高人群的高血压发病率高于正常人群;尿酸升高人群的高血压、脂肪肝发病率高于尿酸正常人群。结论老年人慢性病演变因性别、体重指数和不同生化指标而有不同特点,应采取对应措施防治慢性病。

OBJECTIVE To provide references for the prevention and control of the chronic diseases of the elderly in community through the Shanghai Tang township community elderly people with age-related changes, the incidence of chronic diseases and the impact indicators. METHODS With the method of retrospective cohort study, it observed the change of prevalence of chronic diseases of elderly people from 2008 to 2014 and made a longitudinal analysis of the effect of gender, age, body mass index and biochemical index on chronic disease incidence. RESULTS With the age increasing, the prevalence rate of chronic diseases and the prevalence increased gradually. The prevalence of cis-position had not changed during 6 years. The top 5 were hypertension, fatty liver, hyperlipoidemia, diabetes, liver and kidney cyst. The incidence rate of chronic diseases in diabetes and high blood pressure were higher, which were respectively 18.7% and 17.5%. The incidence of diabetes of the female was higher than the male. With body weight increasing,the incidence of hypertension and fatty liver increased. The incidence of hypertension among the cholesterol and low density lipoprotein increasing population were higher than that of the normal population. The incidence of hypertension and fatty liver of uric acid increasing population was significantly higher than that of the normal uric acid population. CONCLUSION The evolution of elderly chronic diseases were different due to the difference of sex, age and biochemical parameters. It should take corresponding measures to prevent chronic diseases.