上海市浦东新区2014年中小学生近视现况及影响因素分析

Analysis on Prevalence and Influencing Factors of Myopia among the Students in Pudong New Area of Shanghai in 2014

目的调查分析上海市浦东新区中小学生近视现况及其相关影响因素。方法采用随机整群抽样法,选取浦东新区市区3 295名中小学生进行视力普查和问卷调查,进行横断面研究,对调查所得数据进行χ^2检验和二分类logistic回归分析。结果单因素分析显示,性别、年级、每日电脑和手机游戏时间、父母近视和建立屈光档案与学生近视有关;不同户外活动时间的学生近视患病率差异无统计学意义;回归分析显示,性别、年级、父母近视和建立屈光档案对近视患病的OR值分别为1.263、2.339、0.492和0.562。结论上海市浦东新区市区中小学生的近视患病率较高,性别、年级和父母近视是近视的危险因素,应继续加大预防近视宣教工作,尽早建立屈光发育档案,提早进行近视预防和监测。

OBJECTIVE To investigate the prevalence of myopia and the influencing factors for myopia among the primary and middle school students in Pudong New Area of Shanghai. METHODS A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 3 295 students selected by cluster random sampling in Pudong New Area, these students had been checked vision and finished a questionnaire survey. Data of survey was analyzed with chi-square test and binary classification regression analysis. RESULTS Single factor analysis showed that there was statistical relation between myopia and sex, grade, playtime with computer and mobile phone、parents myopia、establishing refractive development file. The prevalence of myopia had no statistical differences in students with different outdoor activity time. Binarywo classification regression analysis showed that OR of sex, grade, parents myopia and establishing refractive development file were respectively 1.263, 2.339, 0.492 and 0.562. CONCLUSION The prevalence of myopia was high in primary and middle school students in Pudong New Area. Sex, grade and parents myopia were the risk factors of juvenile myopia. It needed to strengthen health education about myopia, advise to establish refractive development file as early as possible, prevent early and monitor regularly.