红鳍东方鲀(Takifugu rubripes)三个不同群体的形态差异分析

MORPHOLOGICAL VARIATIONS AMONG THREE DIFFERENT POPULATIONS OF TAKIFUGU RUBRIPES

对3个不同群体红鳍东方鲀(Takifugu rubripes)进行16项形态性状的测定,采用3种多元统计分析方法和方差分析方法,比较了3个群体的外部形态特征。聚类分析结果表明,3个红鳍东方鲀群体中,日本群体(J)和养殖群体(R)的差异最大,野生群体(Y)和养殖群体(R)的差异最小。主成分分析构建了3个反映形态特征信息的综合性指标——主成分1、主成分2和主成分3,三者的贡献率分别为54.961%、12.129%和6.459%,三个主成分的累积贡献率为73.549%,3群体之间存在明显的偏离,形成三个不同的类群,其中,养殖群体(R)和日本群体(J)间的形态差异最大,野生群体(Y)和养殖群体(R)的形态差异最小。判别分析表明,3个红鳍东方鲀群体的形态差异基本上达到差异显著(P<0.05)或极显著水平(P<0.01),利用贡献率最大的6个参数建立了3个群体的判别函数,其判别准确率分别为97.69%—100%(P1)、97.39%—100%(P2),综合判别率为98.62%,可以认为逐步判别法对于红鳍东方鲀不同群体的初步鉴定是可行的。方差分析多重比较结果表明,3个群体在部分形态特征上表现出明显差异,其中,养殖群体(R)和日本群体(J)之间形态特征差异显著指标最多,养殖群体(R)和野生群体(Y)之间形态特征差异显著指标最少。显然,聚类分析、主成分分析、判别分析和方差分析的结论基本上是类似的,它们从不同角度反映了群体间的形态学差异。

Morphological comparison usingl6 morphological indices among three populations of Takifugu rubripes from group R （farmed in Dalian, NE China）, J （Japanese） and Y （wild one from the Yellow Sea） was conducted statistically in hierarchical cluster analysis, principal component analysis, discriminatory analysis, and one-way ANOVA analysis. The hierarchical cluster analysis showed that the morphological difference between J and R was small, while that between Y and R was the biggest. Principal component analysis revealed three principal components, contributing 54.961%, 12.129%, and 6.459%, and reaching cumulatively 73.549%. Therefore, the morphological variations among the three populations were significant （P〈0.05）, and come mainly from the first principal component. The results of discriminant analysis revealed also a significant （P〈0.05） or very significant （P〈0.01） difference among the three groups. Three discriminant functions were obtained, the discrimination accuracy being 97.69%--100% （P1） and 97.39%--100% （P2）, the integrated discrimination accuracy being 98.62%, which shows that it is feasible to adopt stepwise discriminatory analysis to distinguish the populations. The results of One-way ANOVA analysis and multiple comparison are in accordance with the conclusion of other methods, and they reflect morphological variations among the populations from different points of view