区域土壤重金属风险综合管理框架研究

Integrated risk governance framework of regional soil heavy metals

为满足土壤重金属宏观管理需要,开展人地关系视角下的风险管理研究。在系统梳理土地利用系统中土壤重金属的来源及其物质流循环的基础上,依据社会-生态系统(Social-ecological systems,SESs)理论分析框架,构建了区域土壤重金属风险综合管理模式框架。该框架由外部驱动子系统、内生驱动子系统和土地利用系统表征三部分组成,该框架的资源系统、资源单元、利益相关者和管控系统是区域土壤重金属累积协同演化和不确定问题分析的主体。结合我国土壤重金属管理研究实际,围绕提出的模式框架,建立区域土壤重金属分析控制技术体系,主要包括实现土壤重金属社会-生态类型(孕污环境)分区、制定不同土地利用系统(方式)下的土壤重金属标准系列、构建基于负载容重管理法和土壤重金属清单管理法的污染物定量控制技术、建立基于社会-生态类型区的重金属预警与风险管理体系四部分,并探讨我国在该体系下的相关研究进展。我国在区域土壤重金属风险综合管理研究方面已取得重要进展,但仍有待加强。

Regional integrated risk governance for soil heavy metals should be based on the Human-Environment relationship,because of anthropogenic activities play a vital role in the soil heavy metals concentration.The sources and pathways of soil heavy metals in the land use system were systematically reviewed in this research.Integrated risk governance framework of regional soil heavy metals was proposed based on the social-ecological systems（SESs）.This framework is composed of external drive subsystem,internal drive subsystem and land use system representation.Resource system,resource units,users and governance systems are the key components of regional soil heavy metals concentration evolution and their uncertainty analysis.A new regional soil heavy metals environmental governance technology system has been established based on the current domestic status,and four operational schemes were put forward：1）To identify the social-ecological patterns（i.e.contamination zoning）of heavy metals concentration;2）To develop a series standards of soil heavy metal upon multiple land use system（i.e.land use patterns）;3）To establish apollutant amount control technique based on the loading capacity of soil and inventory method for contaminants;4）To discover an early warning of heavy metals and risk governance system.The domestic research and progress of these schemes are also discussed throughout the presentation.Significant progress has been made in the integrated risk governance of soil heavy metals,but it still needs to be strengthened in the future.