中国特色协商民主：国家治理的路径选择

Deliberative Democracy of Socialism with Chinese Characteristics Is Necessary Route for State Governance

20世纪后半叶,西方民主遇到了危机,民众参与政治乏力,政治合法性危机涌现。在此背景下,协商民主在西方逐渐兴起,尽管西方政治实践中一直就有协商的传统,但其协商民主并非是在总结政治实践过程中产生的,而是在对选举民主的批判基础上产生的。在中国,协商民主却是在政治实践中形成的。有人批评中国是威权国家,不具备相应的民主政治生态。事实上,中国共产党领导的多党合作和政治协商制度具备政治合法性、逻辑正当性与制度优越性。它是马列主义同中国具体实际相结合的产物,是一种完全新型的社会主义政治制度。它既不同于资本主义国家建立在倾轧和竞争基础上的两党制、多党制,也有别于一些社会主义国家实行的一党制,具有鲜明的中国特色。运用比较方法进行研究,推进协商民主建设,并把好的实践制度化,可以彰显中国民主建设的成就和进展。中国特色协商民主是国家治理的必然路径选择。

In the second half of the 20 th century,western democracy encountered crisis： weakness happened in public participation,democratic state got faced with crisis of political legitimacy. Under this background,deliberative democracy rises gradually.It does not arise on the basis of long-term practice,but of Criticism of Election democracy.Criticism comes that China is an authoritarian nation,one-party system state rather than democracy. To the opposite,in fact,the Party-leading multi-party cooperation and political consultation system is the basic political system to promote Chinese socialist modernization construction cause ＇s development and progress. It owns political legitimacy,logic justification and system superiority. This political party system is suitable for the current situation in China.It is different either from the western multi-party system or from the one-party system in some socialist countries. Deliberative democracy of Socialism with Chinese characteristics is necessary route for State Governance.To realize people as masters depends on institution,procedure and technique,and this needs to develop deliberative democracy. To change practice into institution,deliberative democracy of Socialism with Chinese characteristics is necessary route for State Governance.