基于SMA的风机塔架结构风致振动控制研究

Wind-induced Vibration Control of Wind Turbine Tower Structures Based on Shape Memory Alloys

随着风力发电机塔架高度的增加及叶片尺寸的增大,风致振动对风机塔架结构可靠性的影响越来越显著。利用形状记忆合金(SMA)的超弹性效应,设计出一套针对风机塔架结构的耗能减振装置,以减小风机塔架结构的风致振动。构建了双线性SMA滞回模型,并集成到Abaqus软件中。以功率1.5 MW的大型风力发电机塔架为例,建立了SMA-风机塔架结构整体分析有限元模型,对其动力性能进行了研究,并做了风荷载响应及振动控制分析。结果表明,与无控状态时相比,装有SMA耗能装置的塔架顶层最大位移和加速度分别减小45%和31%,所提出的SMA耗能减振装置能够有效地控制塔架结构的动力响应。

Due to the increase of height and blade size of the wind turbine tower（WTT）structure,the wind-induced vibration responses of WTT structure have great impact on the reliability of the structures.In this paper,a set of energy dissipation device for the WTT structure is designed and analyzed by using the superelasticity effect of shape memory alloy（SMA）.A bilinear hysteretic model for SMA superelasticity is proposed and integrated into Abaqus software for numerical analysis.Taking a large size wind turbine generator（WTG）of 1.5MW as an example,a finite element model（FEM）for numerical analysis of the SMA-WTT coupled structure is set up and the analyses for the dynamics performance,wind-induced responses and vibration control are performed.The numerical results show that the peak horizontal displacement and acceleration at the top of the tower equipped with the SMA energy dissipation device are reduced to 45% and31%,respectively,compared with its non-controlled status,and the proposed SMA energy dissipation device can effectively control the dynamic responses of WTT structures.