草畜能量平衡模型在内蒙古草甸草原上的应用

Analysis and Application of Forage and Animal Balance Model on the Meadow Steppe in Inner Mongolia

以鄂温克旗巴彦呼硕嘎查为研究对象,以代谢能为评价指标,通过草畜能量平衡模型,分析该嘎查草畜能量平衡现状,结果表明：牧草生长期（6月-9月）家畜实际摄入的代谢能高于家畜维持代谢所需的能量,富余量小于3MJ/SE·d,枯草期（10月至次年5月）家畜实际摄入的代谢能低于家畜维持代谢所需要的能量,尤其是在12月至次年1月,缺省值达11MJ/SE·d,4月产羔期能量缺少量达到最大,为12MJ/SE·d。

The balance between forage and animals is the premise to realize grassland protection and sustainable development of grassland husbandry.To provide the theoretical basis for modern development of local grassland husbandry,the situation of forage and animals balance in Bayanhushuo,a village of Ewenke Banner was analyzed.Used forage and animal balance model and metabolic energy as an evaluation indicator,the results showed that the metabolic energy that livestock intake was higher than that of maintaining metabolism needed in forage growth season（from June to September）,the extra was not more than 3MJ/SE·d.On the contrary,the metabolic energy that livestock intake was lower than that of maintaining metabolism needed in withering period（from October to next May）especially from December to next January,the lacking energy reached 11MJ/SE·d,and got maximum（12MJ/SE·d）in the lambing month（April）,Therefore,livestock can get enough energy and their body weight increased quickly in summer,but the duration was short.In contrast,there was a large gap between energy intake and needed in winter,the body weight of livestock will decrease for a long time.