经学是生活的一种方式——读《吴志仁先生遗集》

Confucian Classics Study as a Way of Life: Reading Collected Posthumous Works of Mr.WU Zhi-ren

吴志仁(裒仲,1631—1659),即吴谦牧,是明清之交海盐地方上的读书人。吴谦牧在短暂的一生中,努力落实一种新的思想/生活态度,即"经学是生活的一种方式"。在强调践履的儒家思想传统中,儒家知识的生活成分是异常浓厚的,经学与生活之间的关系虽然可能千差万别,但两者间存在着有机关系却是一件相当自然的事。然而,在近代学术观点的笼罩下,人们往往只注意到经学作为一种经典研究的客观之学,忽略了经典与生活可能存在的致密关系,因而也遮蔽了我们对思想史中这一个重要层面的了解。研究吴谦牧这样一位局处地方,其视野与思想带有一定的闭塞性的读书人的历史意义就在于:它可以提供我们一个机会,观察明清易代,阳明心学退潮之余,在海盐这样一个地方,一个下层士人的动向。

WU Zhi-ren( Pou-zhong,1631—1659),also called WU Qian-mu,was an intellectual who lived in Haiyan County during the later Ming Dynasty and the early Qing Dynasty. In his short life,he devoted himself to practicing a new idea and a new life attitude,that is,'Confucian classics study as a way of life'. In Confucian tradition,which emphasizes practice,there are full of doctrines that guide life world. In spite of the variety of the relationship between Confucian classics study and life world,the existence of an organic relationship is definitely natural. However,under the impact of modern academic ideology,Confucian classics study is normally regarded as an objective study of classics. The ignorance of the intimate relationship between Confucian classics and life world makes us fail to understand this important aspect of the intellectual history. Here is the historical significance of studying WU Qian-mu,a local intellectual whose vision and thoughts were relatively narrow: It can provide us an opportunity to examine a grass root intellectual's activities in a region such as Haiyan when Yangming School was at low tide during the late Ming Dynasty and the early Qing Dynasty.