2011年-2014年榆林市农村生活饮用水水质监测结果分析与评价

Analysis and evaluation of drinking water quality in rural areas of Yulin from 2011 to 2014

目的掌握榆林市农村居民饮用水卫生状况,为加强农村饮水安全工程建设和科学管理提供依据。方法对榆林市2011年-2014年7个县辖区内村镇水厂枯水期和丰水期分别采样检测,对基本情况进行调查。结果 4年共检测1 190份水样,有355份水样单项或多项指标超标,经卫生学评价为不合格水样,单项指标合格率在94%以上的有4项感官性状指标、p H值、耗氧量、氨氮、铁、锰、砷、氯化物、硝酸盐氮、铬(六价)、铅、镉、汞、总大肠菌群、耐热菌,超标较严重的指标有氟化物、硫酸盐、总硬度、菌落总数和总大肠菌群。结论加大农村供水厂的改革力度,开发寻找优质水源,建议增加农村改水经费投入,规范饮用水消毒方法与措施,增加供水监测频率,不断提高农村居民饮用水水质合格率,确保农村居民饮水卫生安全。

Objective To understand the drinking water quality in rural areas of Yulin,so as to provide scientific basis for strengthening the construction and management of rural drinking water safety. Methods To sample and detect the water of town-village water plant in seven counties both in flood and dry season from 2011 to 2014 in order to master the basic situation.Results 1 190 samples were detected during four years,among which 355 samples were resulted unqualified for single or multiple indicators. The indicators whose quailed rate over 94% contain four sensory indexes,p H,oxygen consumption,ammonia nitrogen,iron,manganese,arsenic,chloride,nitrate nitrogen,chromium（ six）,lead,cadmium,mercury,total escherichia coli,and heat resistant bacteria. And the indicators seriously over standard were total number of colonies,fluoride,sulfate,and total hardness. Conclusion We should reinforce reformation of the water plant technology in rural areas,search and develop high quality water sources,increase the budget of rural area water providing construction,standardize the drinking water disinfection measures,increase the monitoring frequency to improve the water quality rate and ensure the drinking water safety in rural areas.