民航飞行员脂代谢异常对中医体质的影响

Study on the effect of abnormal lipid metabolism of civil aviation pilots on traditional Chinese medicine constitution

目的 研究民航飞行员脂代谢异常与中医体质的相关性，探讨职业环境对血脂、体质的影响。方法 评测656名飞行员的血脂状况，对脂代谢异常的496人进行中医体质类型评估。按年龄分为青年组、中年组；按血脂异常类型分为单纯TC代谢异常，单纯TG代谢异常，TC、TG双代谢异常。比较不同年龄段、不同血脂异常类型9种中医体质人员分布的差异。结果 656名飞行员中，脂代谢异常为75.61%。脂代谢异常人群前3位偏颇体质分别是痰湿质（35.89%）、湿热质（33.06%）、阳虚质（20.97%）。不考虑年龄因素时，TC代谢异常与TG代谢异常的9种中医体质人员分布无明显差异（P值均＞0.05），但TC代谢异常的阳虚质、湿热质人员分布高于TC、TG双代谢异常者（χ2值分别为6.793、5.077，P＜0.05）。考虑年龄因素后，青年组TC代谢异常时，湿热质人员分布高于TC、TG双代谢异常者（χ2＝7.637，P＜0.01）；TG代谢异常时，气虚质和阳虚质人员分布高于TC、TG双代谢异常者（χ2值分别为6.139、7.525，P＜0.05）。中年组TC代谢异常时，阳虚质与气郁质人员分布高于TG代谢异常者（χ2值分别为9.750、3.922，P＜0.05），阳虚质人员分布高于TC、TG双代谢异常者（χ2＝5.208，P＜0.05）；TC、TG双代谢异常的阳虚质人员分布高于TG代谢异常者（χ2＝4.489，P＜0.05）。结论 年龄与脂代谢状况可影响民航飞行员的中医体质分布。湿热质是青年飞行员脂代谢异常者的常见体质；阳虚质、气郁质是中年飞行员脂代谢异常者常见体质。单纯TC代谢异常对中医体质的影响可能较TC、TG双代谢异常者更大。

Objective Research on the correlation of dyslipidemia of civil aviation pilots and the TCM constitution aimed to explore that how professional environmental affects the lipid metabolism and the constitution. Methods Measure the lipid statusand TCM constitution of 656 pilots, and 496 of them with dyslipidemia were studied. The sample were stratified according to the age and the types of dyslipidemia, including young and middle-aged groups, only abnormal total cholesterol metabolism （TC）, only abnormal triglyceride metabolism （TG）, and both abnormal cholesterol and triglycerides metabolism groups and then the differences in prevalence of traditional Chinese medicine in different groups were analyzed and discussed. Results The prevalence of abnormal lipid metabolism was 75.61% in 656 pilots. The top three TCM constitutions among the pilot with dyslipidemia were phlegm dampness constitution （35.89%）, dampness heat constitution （33.06%） and deficiency of Yang（20.97%）. If age was not considered, the prevalence of TCM constitutions were not significantly different between the groups of only abnormal TC and TG （P〉0.05）, while the prevalence of Yang deficiency and dampness heat constitutions of only either TC or TG abnormal group were significantly higher than those of the group of both abnormal TC, TG （χ2 values were 6.793, 5.077, P〈0.05）. Take age as considered, TC metabolic abnormalities in youth group, the prevalence of damp heat constitution of the only TC abnormal group was higher than both TC, TG abnormal group （χ2=7.637, P〈0.01）; and the prevalence of Qi deficiency and Yang deficiency constitution of the only TG abnormal group were higher than both TC, TG abnormal group （χ2 values were 6.139, 7.525, P〈0.05）. In the middle-aged group, the prevalences of Yang deficiency and Qi stagnation constitution of only TC abnormal group were higher than only TG abnormal group （χ2 values were 9.750, 3.922, P〈0.05）, and the prevalence of Yang deficiency of only TC abnormal group was higher than both TC, TG abnormal group （χ2=5.208, P〈0.05）. The prevalence of Yang deficiency of both TC, TG abnormal group was higher than only TG abnormal group （χ2= 4.489, P〈0.05）. Conclusions The result showed high prevalence of dyslipidemia in the population of civil aviation pilots. Age and lipid metabolism status could affect the types of TCM constitution. Damp-heat constitution was the common type of TCM constitution in the population of the young pilot, and Yang deficiency and Qi stagnation constitution were the common types in the population of middle-aged people whose lipid metabolism were disorder. The group of only abnormal TC influence on TCM constitution more than both abnormal TC and TG.