社区居民对生前预嘱态度差异分析及对策研究

Analysis and countermeasure research in community residents' different attitudes toward living will

目的在研究社区居民对于生前预嘱态度认知基础上,来探讨影响社区居民对于生前预嘱态度差异的因素并研究服务对策,主要发挥家庭医生在这一做法宣传、拟定和执行中的重要作用,以期待更好的为社区居民提供服务。方法在2014年10月—2015年3月进行问卷调查。采取随机整群抽样,抽取青浦户籍居民1 000名进行问卷调查。问卷为自行编制的《社区居民生前预嘱态度调查问卷》。所有数据进行统计学处理,计数资料采用χ2检验,P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果经过调查发现,听说过生前预嘱的人占39.4%,但68%的人表示愿意了解并在条件成熟后填写生前预嘱。年龄、婚姻状况、受教育程度、住址、职业、医疗付费、宗教信仰这些方面的差异影响着居民对于生前预嘱的接受度。性别、年龄、婚姻状况、有无子女、受教育程度、职业、医疗付费、宗教信仰这些因素影响着居民对于生前预嘱这个做法的赞成情况。结论应对不同人口学特征居民进行分类,采用更适合的宣传方式进行传播普及。将这一前沿的生命伦理观,与居民的社会心理和传统习俗做好对接工作。建议社会和政府给予重视推进生前预嘱的合法化进程并加强家庭医生配合传播和普及工作。

Objective On the basis of the research of community residents＇ attitudes towards living will,to discuss the impact on the community residents＇ different attitudes towards living will and the study of service countermeasure,mainly bringing into play the important role of family doctors on publicizing,studying out and implementing living will,and expecting to supplying more service for community residents.Methods The questionnaire survey is from October 2014 to March 2015.using questionnaire which is designed by self,random sampling to select 1 000 residents who are Qingpu domicile for investigating.Results 39.4% people know living will,but 68% people want to know and write the living will when the conditions are ripe.Age,marital,education level,address,occupation,medical pay and religion all have influence on the attitudes toward living will for residents.Sex,age,marital status,education level,medical pay,occupation,medical pay and religion are in favor of the situation of living will.Conclusion The suggestion is lassifying residents who have different demographic characteristics and using more suitable propaganda ways to propagation and popular,mixing the forefront bioethics with residents＇ social psychology and traditions,proposing society and government give more attention on the living will＇s legalization process,and reinforcing family doctors to disseminate and popular this idea.