文化视野中的武术热:历史回溯与现实观照

Wushu Fever in the Perspective of Culture: A Historical Retrospect and Present Reflection

从文化阐释的视角出发,运用文献资料法,以20世纪80年代在中国内地出现的一段近10年的"武术热"为研究对象,通过对其历史回溯,解读其背后深层次的文化意义,解释武术热产生的文化根源。研究认为:在"武术热"的文化空间中,武术以"侠"的符号被人们消费,并作为"对自我价值肯定以及自我超越"的信仰潜藏于人的心理空间,而"武术热"又最终体现为社会变迁的反应和社会心理诉求的回应。基于对"武术热"的文化阐释,认为当下武术的发展应:重拾武勇豪情,重塑尚武精神;深化武术教育,回归打练结合;顺应社会变革,适应个体需要;传承武术文化,重建民族主体。重点揭示作为符号文本的武术在武术热中的象征意义,以及武术热中所反映的社会变迁和社会心理诉求,并最终基于对武术热的文化考察观照现实,为当今武术的发展提供思路和借鉴。

From the perspective of cultural interpretation,this article retrospect a ten years Wushu fever in China's Mainland at 1980 s by the method of literature review and analyzed its cultural significance and cultural origin.Conclusions： In the cultural space of Wushu fever,Wushu was consumed by people with ＂swordsman＂symbol;Wushu was lurking in the people＇s psychological space as a＂self value affirmation and self transcendence＂belief;Wushu fever finally embodied the reaction to social changes and the respond of social psychological demands.Based on the cultural interpretation on Wushu fever,we suggest that current Wushu should revive militarism passion and rebuild martial spirit; deepen Wushu education and return to the combination of fighting and practicing;comply with social change and adapt to individual demands; inherit Wushu culture and rebuild national subjectivity. This paper emphasized to reveal symbol meaning of Wushu,as symbol text,and social changes and the respond of social psychological demands in the Wushu fever. Based on the cultural survey of Wushu fever,we hope to provide a thinking path and reference to present Wushu.